{"id":1956,"date":"2015-10-07T16:06:18","date_gmt":"2015-10-07T14:06:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/?p=1956"},"modified":"2018-03-08T08:28:13","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T06:28:13","slug":"essai-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/2015\/10\/07\/essai-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Le prix nobel de m\u00e9decine pour la m\u00e9decine traditionnelle chinoise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Fengshui is said to be working like Chinese Medicine, as defined in the ancient China, then when is the turning point for Fengshui to win the Nobel Price then.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Le Feng Shui est reconnu comme utilisant les m\u00eames bases que la m\u00e9decine traditionnelle chinoise, quand le feng shui sera t&rsquo;il reconnu \u00e0 ce m\u00eame titre pour gagner \u00e0 son tour le prix Nobel ?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/is-the-2015-nobel-prize-a-turning-point-for-traditional-chinese-medicine-48643\" target=\"_blank\">voir l&rsquo;article original<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Announcement of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kxBe5t3V2e0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">I&rsquo;m sure I\u2019m not the only one surprised by the announcement that half of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/medicine\/laureates\/2015\/\">2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine<\/a>\u00a0has gone to a researcher who spent her entire career researching traditional Chinese medicine. Based at the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing (now the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences) since 1965, scientist Youyou Tu, her colleagues, and home institution may well be just as stunned today as I am.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Being granted the Lasker Award is often a good predictor of Nobel Prize prospects. Tu\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.laskerfoundation.org\/awards\/2011_c_description.htm\">received one in 2011<\/a>\u00a0for her discovery of Artemisinin as an alternative malaria cure to the standard chloroquine, which was quickly losing ground in the 1960s due to increasingly drug-resistant parasites. Scientific research on the pharmaceutically active properties of traditional Chinese medicinals, however, has never been a predictor for such widespread international recognition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Traditional medical knowledge anywhere in the world has not even been on the radar for Nobel Prize prospects. Until now, that is. So how should we interpret this arguably seismic shift in international attention on traditional Chinese medicine?<\/span><\/p>\n<figure>\n<div class=\"fluid-width-video-wrapper\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div><figcaption><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Watch the announcement of the winners and the following Q&amp;A.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Discoveries to be made in historical record<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">In the question-and-answer session after the announcement at the Karolinska Institute, which awards the Nobels, one of the panelists emphasized not just the quality of Tu\u2019s scientific research, but also the value of recorded empirical experience in the past.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">The antifebrile effect of the Chinese herb\u00a0<em>Artemisia annua<\/em>\u00a0(qinghaosu \u9752\u84bf\u7d20), or sweet wormwood, was known 1,700 years ago, he noted. Tu was the first to extract the biologically active component of the herb \u2013 called Artemisinin \u2013 and clarify how it worked. The result was a paradigm shift in the medical field that allowed for Artemisinin to be both clinically studied and produced on a large scale.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-4967 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mtcGRANDE-300x164.jpg\" alt=\"mtcGRANDE\" width=\"342\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mtcGRANDE-300x164.jpg 300w, http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mtcGRANDE-768x420.jpg 768w, http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mtcGRANDE-1024x560.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mtcGRANDE.jpg 1559w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 342px) 100vw, 342px\" \/><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Tu has always maintained that she drew her inspiration from the medical text of a fourth-century Chinese physician and alchemist named Ge Hong \u845b\u6d2a (circa 283-343).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">His\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=R3Sp6TfzhpIC&amp;pg=PA1357&amp;lpg=PA1357&amp;dq=zhouhou+beijifang&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=491ajlT9eJ&amp;sig=IGwvxAlm7zydwTKIk_NAmO3p-kE&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIzMfDvdisyAIVRB0-Ch2f6w1z#v=onepage&amp;q=zhouhou%20beijifang&amp;f=false\">Emergency Formulas To Keep at Hand<\/a>\u00a0(Zhouhou beijifang \u8098\u5f8c\u5099\u6025\u65b9) can best be understood as a practical handbook of drug formulas for emergencies. It was a book light enough to keep \u201cbehind the elbow\u201d (zhouhou), namely, in one\u2019s sleeve, where Chinese men sometimes carried their belongings. We can discern from Ge\u2019s astute description of his patients&rsquo; symptoms that people then suffered not only from malaria but also from other deadly diseases including smallpox, typhoid and dysentery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Beyond recording the fever-fighting qualities of\u00a0<em>Artemisia annua<\/em>, Physician Ge also wrote about how\u00a0<em>Ephedra sinica<\/em>\u00a0(mahuang \u9ebb\u9ec3) effectively treated respiratory problems and how arsenic sulphide (\u201cred Realgar,\u201d xionghuang \u96c4\u9ec3) helped control some dermatological problems.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Traditional ingredients, modern drugs<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Just because a compound has natural roots and has long been used in traditional medicine is no reason to take it lightly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">You might remember that in 2004, the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/NewsEvents\/Newsroom\/PressAnnouncements\/2004\/ucm108242.htm\">FDA actually banned<\/a>\u00a0ephedra-containing dietary and performance-enhancing supplements. They\u2019d been the cause not only of serious side effects but also several deaths. The ban remains in effect in the US despite a court challenge from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ephedra\">ephedra manufacturers<\/a>. Related drug\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.webmd.com\/drugs\/2\/drug-8100\/ephedrine-hcl-oral\/details\">ephedrine<\/a>, however, is used to treat low blood pressure and is a common ingredient in over-the-counter asthma medicines.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4969 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/feng-shui-et-m\u00e9decine-chinoise-300x141.jpg\" alt=\"feng shui et m\u00e9decine chinoise\" width=\"400\" height=\"188\" srcset=\"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/feng-shui-et-m\u00e9decine-chinoise-300x141.jpg 300w, http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/feng-shui-et-m\u00e9decine-chinoise.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/> <\/span><figcaption><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><span class=\"caption\">Compounds long known by practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine to be effective are being isolated now in modern labs.<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/vkreay\/153577630\/in\/photolist-ez8hb-4J4LyV-81944u-6uC1Mi-rSgLJG-7Pc1gd-815SNk-5pJEB-vf2Kk-veX2Q-PfzNx-7bbt8P-P8Qye-4RQHLU-HN9Fu-4wm4Zw-qU8FD-6FCZ1S-7oGXxq-cvcpHU-rZ5f5D-815Ssx-7H8jY-bARAXX-b9r8ik-bCmTMC-4Vo4hD-6Y8Xr3-6Y8XS9-6Y4ULT-2HYkJr-nksZ3-pkAMwU-5ZpQdM-8vtC48-8vujZV-8vys7q-8vwL63-8vt5fr-8vvKTs-4VopR4-8195e1-QJUK3-cinNt-4EkpHq-8vsVTP-8vvDEE-8vsRwt-8vtsqD-8vw1P9\">vkreay\/flickr<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"license\" href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">As for Realgar, its toxicity was well-known in both ancient Greece and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/LAconit-lorpiment-Drogues-ancienne-m%C3%A9di%C3%A9vale\/dp\/2213598916\">Chinese antiquity<\/a>. In Chinese medical thought, though, skillfully administered toxins may also be powerful antidotes for other toxins. Realgar thus\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eastlandpress.com\/books\/chinese_herbal_medicine_materia_medica_3rd_edition.php\">continues to be used in Chinese medicine<\/a>\u00a0as a drug that relieves toxicity and kills parasites. Applied topically, it treats scabies, ringworm and rashes on the skin\u2019s surface; taken internally, it expels intestinal parasites, particularly roundworms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Although biomedicine does not currently use Realgar or its related\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.108.139543\">mineral arsenicals<\/a>\u00a0in treatments, Chinese researchers have been studying their\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2011.03.071\">anticancer properties<\/a>\u00a0for some time now. In 2011, a Chinese researcher at Johns Hopkins University, Jun Liu (with other colleagues), also discovered that the Chinese medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (lei gong teng \u96f7\u516c\u85e4 \u201cThunder God Vine\u201d) is\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/nchembio.522\">effective against cancer, arthritis and skin graft rejection<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Tu\u2019s groundbreaking work on artemisinin, in fact, can be seen as the tip of the iceberg of the extensive and global\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/press.uchicago.edu\/ucp\/books\/book\/chicago\/N\/bo18610904.html\">scientific study of pharmacologically active Chinese medicinals<\/a>, including another successful antimalarial\u00a0<em>Dichroa febrifuga<\/em>\u00a0(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/285408\">changshan<\/a>\u00a0\u5e38\u5c71) that has roots in the new scientific research on Chinese medicinals in 1940s mainland China.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">It was validation of this traditional drug as an antimalarial in the 1940s, in fact, that\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/press.uchicago.edu\/ucp\/books\/book\/chicago\/N\/bo18610904.html\">set the foundation<\/a>\u00a0for Chinese leader Mao Tse Tung\u2019s directive two decades later in the late 1960s to find a cure for malaria. Indeed, Tu\u2019s research is best understood within the complex politics and history of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dukeupress.edu\/chinese-medicine-in-contemporary-china\/\">top-down support from the Chinese government<\/a>\u00a0of Chinese medicine in mainland China during the long dur\u00e9e of the 20th century, and not just in the Maoist period.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Even outside mainland China, though, such research has yielded results. In the 1970s, for example, US and Japanese researchers developed the statin drugs used to lower cholesterol from studying the mold\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monascus_purpureus\">Monascus purpureus<\/a><\/em>\u00a0that makes red yeast rice, well, \u201cred.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Empirical evidence of the medical efficacy in the rich Chinese medical archive from centuries earlier similarly influenced the initial direction of this research.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Medically bilingual<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">So is this Nobel Prize for Tu\u2019s discovery a signal that Western science has changed how it perceives alternative systems of medicine? Perhaps, but only slightly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">One of the Karolinska Institute panelists acknowledged that there are many sources from which scientists draw inspiration to develop drugs. Among them, we should not ignore the long history of experiences from the past. As he clarified, such sources may be inspirational, but the old herbs found there cannot be used just as they are. Don\u2019t underestimate the sophisticated methods Tu used to extract the active Artemisinin compound from\u00a0<em>Artemesia annua<\/em>, another one of the panelists concluded.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">So the Nobel Prize is not only acknowledging this complete transformation of a Chinese herb through modern biomedical science into something powerfully efficacious, but also the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.laskerfoundation.org\/awards\/2011_c_description.htm\">millions of lives saved<\/a>\u00a0because of its successful application worldwide, particularly in the developing world.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">But there\u2019s something else that marks Tu as extraordinary vis-\u00e0-vis both her two fellow Nobel Laureates for medicine, William C Campbell and Satoshi \u014cmura, and her more Western medically oriented colleagues in pharmacology. She embodies, in both her history and her research,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dukeupress.edu\/health-and-hygiene-in-chinese-east-asia\">what I call medical bilingualism<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 the ability not only to read in two different medical languages but to understand their different histories, conceptual differences, and, most importantly for this unexpected news, potential value for therapeutic interventions in the present.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">This medical bilingualism is a quality that current researchers mining the same fine line between the empirical knowledge of traditional medical traditions and the highest level of modern biomedical science would be lucky to share with Nobel Laureate Youyou Tu.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fengshui is said to be working like Chinese Medicine, as defined in the ancient China, then when is the turning point for Fengshui to win the Nobel Price then. Le Feng Shui est reconnu comme utilisant les m\u00eames bases que la m\u00e9decine traditionnelle chinoise, quand le feng shui sera t&rsquo;il reconnu \u00e0 ce m\u00eame titre [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4967,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-feng-shui-et-sante","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1956"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1956\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4967"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fengshui-chinois-conseils.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}